XMC is publicly known to be planning a massive HBM capacity buildout, and it's troublesome to see how this RFF would stop XMC, or any other firm added to the brand new RFF class, from deceptively buying a big quantity of superior gear, ostensibly for the production of legacy chips, and then repurposing that equipment at a later date for HBM production. Multiple trade sources instructed CSIS that Chinese corporations are making greater progress in etching and deposition equipment, the primary basis of TSV know-how, than they are in lithography. Today, YMTC is reportedly considered one of the important thing members of the Huawei-led semiconductor community, with XMC being Huawei’s main companion for HBM manufacturing. One might suppose that studying all of these controls would offer a transparent picture of how the United States intends to use and implement export controls. In short, CXMT is embarking upon an explosive memory product capacity expansion, one that might see its global market share enhance more than ten-fold in contrast with its 1 percent DRAM market share in 2023. That huge capacity enlargement translates straight into massive purchases of SME, and one which the SME industry discovered too enticing to show down.

When studying this paper I had the distinct feeling that it would soon be ‘overtaken by reality’, like so many considerate papers revealed concerning the supposed gulf between today’s AI techniques and really sensible ones. Like their predecessor updates, these controls are extremely complicated. The costs are at present excessive, however organizations like DeepSeek Chat are slicing them down by the day.